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A Critical Analysis of Thomas Nagel’s View on Moral Luck

Received: 20 January 2022    Accepted: 17 February 2022    Published: 18 March 2022
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Abstract

Thomas Nagel tries to defend moral luck by saying that a moral agent is never responsible for the action performed by him, because the situation or outer conditions of an action, which are not controlled by the agent, are responsible for an action. In this paper Ii is sought to make a solution to the moral luck problem based on a fair opportunity account of control. Thomas Nagel claims that moral luck reveals a paradox. It holds that the apparent paradox emerges only because he assumes that attributions of responsibility require agents to have total control over their actions. The reason is that a more modest understanding of what it takes for someone to be a responsible agent i.e. being capable of doing the right thing for the right reasons—dissolves the paradox and shows that responsibility and luck aren’t at odds. It is clear that moral luck leads us to the moral agent has no freedom of will and he acts something as machine. If it is held then the judicial system of all countries are to be stopped and it does not need any administrative system also. In the same way none can admire any one for his good action and condemn any one for his bad action. This is really a ridiculous. Moreover, Nagel emphasized condition of an action; but here it can be thought that a condition may have other prior conditions and these second types of condition may have third types. Thus it creates an infinitive regress; people will not be able to have the actual one.

Published in International Journal of Philosophy (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16
Page(s) 29-32
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Moral Agent, Responsibility, Metaphysics, Reason, Opportunity

References
[1] BRINK, D. & D. NELKIN “Fairness and the Architecture of Responsibility,” in David Shoemaker (ed.), Oxford Studies in Agency and Responsibility, Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
[2] NAGEL, T. ‘Moral Luck,’ in Mortal Questions, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 24-38, 1979.
[3] NAGEL, T. The View from Nowhere, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1986.
[4] NELKIN, D. Making Sense of Freedom and Responsibility, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011.
[5] PEREBOOM, D. Living Without Free Will, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
[6] RICHARDS, N. ‘Luck and Desert,’ Mind, 95, pp. 198–209, 1986.
[7] ROSEBURY, B. ‘Moral Responsibility and ‘Moral Luck’, The Philosophical Review, 104, pp. 499–524, 1995.
[8] ROSEN, G. ‘Skepticism about Moral Responsibility, ‘Philosophical Perspectives 18, pp. 295–313, 2004.
[9] STRAWSON, G. ‘The Bounds of Freedom,’ in R. Kane (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Free Will, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
[10] THOMSON, J. J. ‘Morality and Bad Luck,’ Meta-philosophy, 20, pp. 203–221, 1989.
[11] CYR, T. “The Incapability of Moral Luck”, Thought: A Journal of Philosophy, (302-310), 2021.
[12] HEINZELMANN, R. J. “Comprehension and Moral Luck”, The Monist, (251-264), 2021.
[13] STATMAN, D. “Moral Luck”, Albany, New York, 2012.
[14] HERSTAIN, O. “Legal Luck”, Rutledge Companion to the Philosophy, Rutledge, 2019.
[15] FISCHER, J. M. “Deep Control: Essays on Free Will and values”, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2020.
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  • APA Style

    Bijay Kumar Sarkar. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Thomas Nagel’s View on Moral Luck. International Journal of Philosophy, 10(1), 29-32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16

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    ACS Style

    Bijay Kumar Sarkar. A Critical Analysis of Thomas Nagel’s View on Moral Luck. Int. J. Philos. 2022, 10(1), 29-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16

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    AMA Style

    Bijay Kumar Sarkar. A Critical Analysis of Thomas Nagel’s View on Moral Luck. Int J Philos. 2022;10(1):29-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16,
      author = {Bijay Kumar Sarkar},
      title = {A Critical Analysis of Thomas Nagel’s View on Moral Luck},
      journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {29-32},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221001.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20221001.16},
      abstract = {Thomas Nagel tries to defend moral luck by saying that a moral agent is never responsible for the action performed by him, because the situation or outer conditions of an action, which are not controlled by the agent, are responsible for an action. In this paper Ii is sought to make a solution to the moral luck problem based on a fair opportunity account of control. Thomas Nagel claims that moral luck reveals a paradox. It holds that the apparent paradox emerges only because he assumes that attributions of responsibility require agents to have total control over their actions. The reason is that a more modest understanding of what it takes for someone to be a responsible agent i.e. being capable of doing the right thing for the right reasons—dissolves the paradox and shows that responsibility and luck aren’t at odds. It is clear that moral luck leads us to the moral agent has no freedom of will and he acts something as machine. If it is held then the judicial system of all countries are to be stopped and it does not need any administrative system also. In the same way none can admire any one for his good action and condemn any one for his bad action. This is really a ridiculous. Moreover, Nagel emphasized condition of an action; but here it can be thought that a condition may have other prior conditions and these second types of condition may have third types. Thus it creates an infinitive regress; people will not be able to have the actual one.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    AB  - Thomas Nagel tries to defend moral luck by saying that a moral agent is never responsible for the action performed by him, because the situation or outer conditions of an action, which are not controlled by the agent, are responsible for an action. In this paper Ii is sought to make a solution to the moral luck problem based on a fair opportunity account of control. Thomas Nagel claims that moral luck reveals a paradox. It holds that the apparent paradox emerges only because he assumes that attributions of responsibility require agents to have total control over their actions. The reason is that a more modest understanding of what it takes for someone to be a responsible agent i.e. being capable of doing the right thing for the right reasons—dissolves the paradox and shows that responsibility and luck aren’t at odds. It is clear that moral luck leads us to the moral agent has no freedom of will and he acts something as machine. If it is held then the judicial system of all countries are to be stopped and it does not need any administrative system also. In the same way none can admire any one for his good action and condemn any one for his bad action. This is really a ridiculous. Moreover, Nagel emphasized condition of an action; but here it can be thought that a condition may have other prior conditions and these second types of condition may have third types. Thus it creates an infinitive regress; people will not be able to have the actual one.
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Author Information
  • Department of Philosophy, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, India

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